Pathophysiology

1. A computerized tomography (CT) scan shows the presence of a malignant tumor in a client. The health-care provider tells the nurse the tumor is of type grade III. Which appearance of the tumor does the nurse anticipate in the CT scan?a. Moderately differentiatedb. Poorly differentiatedc. Well differentiatedd. Unable to be determined2. Mr. Gillespie was diagnosed with stage I colon cancer that was treated successfully with surgery and chemotherapy. Mr. Gillespie says, “I got so tired during the chemo. My doctor said I was anemic. Did the chemo kill off my red blood cells too?”a. chemotherapy inhibits the appetite and poor nutrition led to the death of the red blood cellsb. chemotherapy enhances the production of white blood cells at the expense of red blood cellsc. red blood cells are very similar to cancer cells and killed off by chemotherapyd. chemotherapy inhibits bone marrow production of new red blood cells3. All of the following can contribute to the development of cancer EXCEPTa. free radicalsb. hereditary genetic mutationsc. bacterial infectionsd. viral infections4. All of the following paraneoplastic syndromes are associated with lung cancer EXCEPTa. Polycythemiab. Cushing syndromec. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormoned. Hypercalcemia5. A patient has metastatic cancer. Which of the following organs is not a common tissue for cancer metastasis?a. Boneb. Kidneyc. Braind. Liver6. Which of the following staging classifications would indicate a small tumor, with no lymph node involvement and no metastasis?a. T1 N1 M1b. T1 N1 M0c. T0 N0 M0d. T1 N1 M07. Match the following.undifferentiatedincreasing the number of blood vesselsmalignant epithelial cellscancerous white blood cellsA.sarcomaB.benignC.angiogenesisD.apoptosisE.leukemiaF.carcinomaG.anaplastic

 

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