You are a pediatric nurse auscultating heart sounds on a newborn.

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Short Answer Questions:

  1. You are a pediatric nurse auscultating heart sounds on a newborn.
    1. Where on the thoracic surface do you auscultate to the tricuspid, mitral (bicuspid), pulmonary, and aortic valves?
    2. A ventricular septal defect is a hole in the heart muscle wall between the right and left ventricles. On a newborn, where do you think would be the best place to auscultate abnormal heart sound? Explain your answer.
  2. What are the normal sounds of the heart? Explain what causes these sounds.
  3. When a ventricular septal defect occurs, the heart allows blood to mix between the two ventricular chambers.
    1. Due to this defect would you expect the blood to move from left-to-right ventricle or right-to-left ventricle during systole?
    2. Based on your understanding of blood pressure and resistance in the heart and great vessels, explain your answer to question 3a.
  4. Trace the path of a blood cell as it travels through the body. Start and end with the inferior vena cava. = Then, trace the path of a blood cell traveling through the body starting and ending with the superior vena cava.
  5. Which side of the heart contains oxygenated blood? Explain. Which side of the heart contains deoxygenated blood? Explain.
  6. Explain systemic cardiac output. What factors are involved in cardiac output?

*Some questions adapted from Pearson’s Mastering Instructor Resources for Amerman, E. C. (2019) Human anatomy & physiology (2nd ed.).

Assignment Expectations

Length: 750-1200 words

Structure: Include a title page and reference page in APA style. These do not count towards the minimal word amount for this assignment.  Please include an introduction paragraph and a conclusion paragraph for the case study.

References: Use the appropriate APA style in-text citations and references for all resources utilized to answer the questions. Include at least two (2) scholarly sources to support your claims.

Format: Save your assignment as a Microsoft Word document (.doc or .docx).

 
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